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IUPAC - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry : Home

IUPAC - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

About IUPAC

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) serves to advance the worldwide aspects of the chemical sciences and to contribute to the application of chemistry in the service of Mankind. As a scientific, international, non-governmental and objective body, IUPAC can address many global issues involving the chemical sciences.

IUPAC was formed in 1919 by chemists from industry and academia. Over nearly eight decades, the Union has succeeded in fostering worldwide communications in the chemical sciences and in uniting academic, industrial and public sector chemistry in a common language. IUPAC has long been recognized as the world authority on chemical nomenclature, terminology, standardized methods for measurement, atomic weights and many other critically evaluated data. The Union continues to sponsor major international meetings that range from specialized scientific symposia to CHEMRAWN meetings with societal impact. During the Cold War, IUPAC became an important instrument for maintaining technical dialogue among scientists throughout the world.

IUPAC is an association of bodies, National Adhering Organizations, which represent the chemists of different member countries. The work of IUPAC is done almost entirely by approximately 1400 volunteer scientists from many countries who serve on committees, subcommittees, and task groups. IUPAC’s scientific work is conducted largely under a formal project system, in which proposals from chemists worldwide are peer-reviewed and, if meritorious, are approved and supported. See IUPAC Biennial Report 2008-09 (pdf)

This report lists IUPAC’s six long-range goals and illustrates the actions taken during the last two years toward meeting those goals.
History

IUPAC was formed in 1919 by chemists from industry and academia, who recognized the need for international standardization in chemistry. The standardization of weights, measures, names and symbols is essential to the well being and continued success of the scientific enterprise and to the smooth development and growth of international trade and commerce.

This desire for international cooperation among chemists and facilitation of the work of the international, but fragmented, chemistry community were the earliest characteristics of the Union. Even before the creation of IUPAC (1919), a predecessor body, the International Association of Chemical Societies (IACS), had met in Paris in 1911 and produced a set of proposals for the work that the new Association should address. These included :

Nomenclature of inorganic and organic chemistry ;
Standardization of atomic weights ;
Standardization of physical constants ;
Editing tables of properties of matter ;
Establishing a commission for the review of work ;
Standardization of the formats of publications ;
Measures required to prevent repetition of the same papers.

Although 1911 might now seem an early date for chemists to start talking about the possibility of and need for international collaboration and standardization, the first international attempt at organizing organic chemical nomenclature — the Geneva Nomenclature of 1892 — grew out of a series of international meetings, the first of which was organized by Kekulé in 1860.
IUPAC Today

Chemistry historically emerged and developed as an interdisciplinary scientific field, with a broad definition of its borders. Paraphrasing Linus Pauling’s definition of the chemical bond "whatever is convenient to the chemist to define as a bond", chemistry can be defined as a discipline encompassing all areas which are of interest to chemists and where molecular science makes significant contributions. The rich and diverse world of modern chemistry encompasses remarkable intellectual accomplishments, scientific creativity and originality and the generation of new knowledge.

IUPAC serves the international scientific endeavor in the dual function of a basic science and a mission-oriented Union. The Union is in a unique position to contribute to the central interdisciplinary chemical sciences. Strengthening international chemistry, striving towards inspiring high standards of excellence and relevance in academic and industrial research and promoting the service of chemistry to society and to global issues, these are the visions that shape IUPAC’s activities towards the 21st century.

http://www.iupac.org/